Livingstone.+Media+Literacy+and+New+Media

= Livingstone, Sonia. “Media Literacy and the Challenge of New Information and Communication Technologies.”﻿= The Communication Review. 7. 2004: 3–14. Print.

By Roaquiem Manderson

=﻿Abstract=

Within both academic and policy discourses, the concept of media literacy is  being extended from its traditional focus on print and audiovisual media to   encompass the internet and other new media. The present article addresses three central questions currently facing the public, policy-makers and academy: What is media literacy? How is it changing? And what are the uses of  literacy? The article begins with a definition: media literacy is the ability to  access, analyse, evaluate and create messages across a variety of contexts. This four-component model is then examined for its applicability to the internet. Having advocated this skills-based approach to media literacy in relation to the internet, the article identifies some outstanding issues for new media literacy crucial to any policy of promoting media literacy among the population. The outcome is to extend our understanding of media literacy so  as to encompass the historically and culturally conditioned relationship among three processes: (i) the symbolic and material representation of  knowledge, culture and values; (ii) the diffusion of interpretative skills and abilities across a (stratified) population; and (iii) the institutional, especially, <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the state management of the power that access to and skilled use of <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">knowledge brings to those who are ‘literate’.

=﻿Arguement=

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Livingstone argues that media literacy is not just something that materialized out of thin air, but can be defined on three different spheres. The article highlights the fact that new media is a fairly recent development which cannot be fully analyzed like the traditional audio visual mediums. <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">

=﻿Key Passages=

<span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Ulmer’s eletracy comes to mind when Livingstone remarks : <span style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">“…a new form of literacy is emerging, uneasily termed computer literacy or Internet literacy” (3).

=﻿Selected Works Cited= <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Aufderheide, P. (Ed.), (1993). //Media literacy: A report of the national leadership conference// //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">on media literacy //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">. Aspen, CO: Aspen Institute.